Certified in Public Health (CPH) Practice Exam

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Prepare for the Certified in Public Health Test. Use flashcards and multiple choice questions, each question with hints and explanations. Get ready for your exam!

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Which species is expected to be the most sensitive to a chemically toxic substance based on basal metabolic rate?

Human
Mouse
Rat
Dog

The correct answer is: Mouse

The mouse is expected to be the most sensitive to a chemically toxic substance based on its basal metabolic rate. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) refers to the amount of energy expended while at rest in a neutrally temperate environment, and it is typically higher in smaller animals. Mice, being smaller than humans, rats, and dogs, generally have a higher BMR relative to their body weight. This heightened metabolic rate means that toxins can have a more significant impact on mice. Their physiology and biochemistry allow them to process chemicals differently than larger animals, making them more susceptible to the effects of toxic substances. This sensitivity is often considered when modeling human toxicity and pharmacology, which is why rodent models like the mouse are commonly used in toxicology studies. Understanding these metabolic differences is crucial in assessing the risk of chemical exposure, as a higher metabolic activity can lead to greater absorption and distribution of the toxic substance in the body.